Law and Ethics Notes

1. What are the 5 freedoms of the 1st amendment?-Speech
-Press
-Assembly
-Religion
-Petition
2. What is the Tinker Standard?Student speech cannot be censored as long as it does not "materially disrupt class work or involve substantial disorder or invasion of others"  (1969)  [they wore black arm bands to petition against the war]  it was the first court case that was for students.

3. What is the Frasier Standard?School officials have an "interest in teaching students the boundaries of socially appropriate behavior," they can censor student speech that is vulgar or indecent, even if it does not cause a "material or substantial disruption"  (1986) [Inappropriate speech for class president]

4. What is the Hazelwood Standard?Censorship of school-sponsered student expression is permissible when school officials can show that it is "reasonably related to legitimate pedagogical concerns" (1988) [censor stories in student newspaper about teen pregnancy and divorce]

5. What is the Frederick Standard?Senior Frederick inveils banner on the sidewalk across the street which read "Bong Hits 4 Jesus" suspended for 10 days. (2007) [its during school hours and school field trips its still under the school policies]

6. What is the definition of libel and slander?
hurts reputation that is printed or published and that is false.

-Libel: written
-Slander: spoke